Monday, May 18, 2020

African-American Cruelty - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 4 Words: 1094 Downloads: 4 Date added: 2019/10/31 Category Politics Essay Level High school Tags: Segregation Essay Did you like this example? African-American cruelty goes back from the 1900s until the late 1960s. The opportunity to gain freedom was not easy and took many years. The African-Americans have been mistreated by white-Americans their whole lives and fought every way possible to gain respect from whites but it has been a real bumpy bus ride. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "African-American Cruelty" essay for you Create order It has taken the Civil Rights Act of 1964, the Voting Rights Act of 1965, Rosa Parks, Jim Crow Laws, Little Rock Nine, Woolworths Lunch Counter, March on Washington, Bloody Sunday, World War II and Civil Rights, and etc just to accomplish a common goal: for the African-Americans to have equal rights and be treated like the children of God. All of these obstacles took many sacrifices but it was worth it. During the Affluent Society, civil rights began to become a real issue because of African-Americans who realized that the separate but equal doctrine was not being effective. The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) were the ones who focused on the separate but equal doctrine in the 1940s. They started by suing segregated colleges and universities, that is how African-Americans gained the right to enter into some colleges. During this time, Elementary and Middle Schools still remain segregated. The difference between an African-Americans school vs. white-Americans is horrendous. African-Americans didnt have desks, paper, pencils, books, and etc. Education was very limited because of segregation, once African-American males reached a certain age they would go to work in the fields but you wouldnt see any white males work in the fields after a certain age. As I discussed in my last paper, the Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka had changed the separation. This case was brought to the supreme courts attention because Oliver Browns daughter, Linda Brown, was denied access to Topekas all white elementary school that was closer than the colored school which was miles away. This was one of many cases brought to the supreme court. In September of 1957, there was a group named Little Rock Nine who wanted to test the Brown v. Board of Education landmark. This group consisted of nine African-Americans students who had enrolled in all-white Central High School in Little Rock, Arkansa s. This was their way of saying we can go to school together and not hurt each other with words or physically, but that was an understatement. On September 4, 1957, the first day of classes at Central High, Governor Orval Faubus called in the Arkansas National Guard to block the black students entry into the high school. Later that month, President Dwight D. Eisenhower sent in federal troops to escort the Little Rock Nine into the school, the students nor the governor were accepting of those nine students(Little Rock Nine, 2018). The kids who participated in this act were: Minnijean Brown, Elizabeth Eckford, Ernest Green, Thelma Mothershed, Melba Patillo, Gloria Ray, Terrence Roberts, Jefferson Thomas, and Carlotta Walls, these kids were brave and determined that this would act would (Little Rock Nine, 2018). These nine kids had to take classes or should I say counseling sessions to be prepared for the intense situations that they would go through in the school. They were taught how to respond to negative situations. On September 2, 1957, Governor Orval Faubus announced that he would call in the Arkansas National Guard to prevent the African-American students entry to Central High, claiming this action was for the students own protection. In a televised address, Faubus insisted that violence and bloodshed might break out if black students were allowed to enter the school. The Mothers League held a sunrise service at the school on September 3 as a protest against integration. But that afternoon, federal judge Richard Davies issued a ruling that desegregation would continue as planned the next day, not only did people try to stop this movement but the Governor came up with an excuse to kick the nine kids out of the school in public to protect his true opinion about desegregation. Even though the nine students had a good experience the first day, the rest of the year was full of harassments and thousands of white protestors outside of the school daily. The group has been widely recognized for their significant role in the civil rights movement. In 1999, President Clinton awarded each member of the group the Congressional Gold Medal. The nine also all received personal invitations to attend the inauguration of President Barack Obama in 2009 these nine kids truly made a difference and were given an award for their acts (Little Rock Nine, 2018). Rosa Parks was a leader of the NAACP and she knew what she was doing on the Montgomery bus. The Montgomery Bus Boycott was a civil-rights protest dur ing which African-Americans refused to ride city buses in Montgomery, Alabama, to protest segregated seating. The boycott took place from December 5, 1955, to December 20, 1956, and is regarded as the first large-scale U.S. demonstration against segregation. Four days before the boycott began, Rosa Parks, an African-American woman, was arrested and fined for refusing to yield her bus seat to a white man, Rosa Parks was not tired from work or anything, she knew that she was going to get in trouble with the white-Americans but did it anyway (Montgomery Bus Boycott, 2018). Most of the people that rode the bus were African-Americans and since they protested that caused issues in the bus company. If African-Americans stopped taking the bus then that would mean no business for the Montgomery bus company. Rosa Parks was fined for her actions (that was not her first rodeo) but that didnt stop her from her determination to end segregation. She continued her acts, other African-Americans cont inued her acts also. There is no point in having whites in the front and blacks in the back, its ridiculous and unnecessary. But on June 5, 1956, a Montgomery federal court ruled that any law requiring racially segregated seating on buses violated the 14th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution. That amendment, adopted in 1868 following the U.S. Civil War, guarantees all citizens†regardless of race†equal rights and equal protection under state and federal laws, the 14th amendment was violated many times in the past (Montgomery Bus Boycott, 2018). White-Americans didnt take it seriously nor followed the law. But African-Americans have to follow the law and if they dont they get lynched? No. But Rosa Parks, while shying from the spotlight throughout her life, remained an esteemed figure in the history of American civil rights activism. In 1999, the U.S. Congress awarded her its highest honor, the Congressional Gold Medal, Rosa Parks will never be forgotten (Montgomery Bus Boyc ott, 2018).

Friday, May 15, 2020

Disaster Management Of Risky Locations - 2404 Words

Disaster Management in Risky Locations Introduction Disasters such as tsunamis, floods, earthquakes, landslides, and terrorism pose major economic, social, and political concerns to people. However, it is astonishing that the areas disposed to such unexpected occurrences are liked and preferred by human beings for habitation purposes. These include coastal areas which floods when the amount of rainfall increase or are affected by tornadoes and tsunamis due to their proximity to the coast; mountainous areas which have the possibility of experiencing landslides; and overpopulated cities which are either poorly serviced with social amenities such garbage collection, or are targeted by terrorists for attacks. Other people stay in such places in order to be close to their families or because the lands on which they dwell is their ancestral land, which they would not wish to lose. Thus, the risks involved in such places are many and needs to be addressed before the tragedies strike (Haddow, Bullock Coppola, 2013). This paper seeks to crit ically discuss and analyze these trends of living in disaster prone areas, whether or not there are other ways of making the society safer and the possibility of people continuing to live and or work in these environments. Trends of Living in Disaster Prone Areas: The Difficulties in Breaking the Tendencies to Stay The connection which individuals have with the places they are accustomed to living or working, is strong and it becomesShow MoreRelatedA Second Stream Of Management Research On Terrorism1460 Words   |  6 PagesA second stream of management research on terrorism has explored firm readiness and the performance impact of such preparation. In particular, several authors have examined the relationship between business continuity planning and the mitigation of the impact from unanticipated disasters such as terrorism (Cerullo Cerullo, 2004; Zsidisin, Melnyk, Ragatz, 2005). According to Cerullo and Cerrullo (2004), there is clear evidence from past catastrophes that international businesses without businessRead MoreBp Ethical Issues1630 Words   |  7 PagesOriginally, an Ethics and Compliance team was formed to monitor the formation and operation of the company guidance towards ethical issues in BP’s company.  Just like to set up a communication consistent standard for all the employees of BP for different location, culture and language.  Originally, this is a good way to guide the company staff to maintain company standard and reputation. But the code did not effectively address specific high-risk activities for the scope of daily operations.  It was quite reasonableRead MoreHow Are Natural Disasters Socially Constructed? Essay1333 Words   |  6 PagesWith reference to various examples, discuss how ‘natural’ disasters are socially constructed. While natural disasters such as floods, drought and hurricanes are commonly thought to occur due to environmental forces such as weather, climate and tectonic movements; a deeper investigation into the ‘disaster’ displays other contributing forces. Human factors have a large, if not equal, contribution to the occurrance and outcome of such disasters (Pelling, 2001). As Pelling (2001) argues, there is bothRead MoreInformation Technology And Security Gaps Of The Bank Solutions Inc.1457 Words   |  6 Pagesto protect the confidentiality, integrity and availability of assets, individuals, information and information systems. Purpose The main purpose of this paper is to elaborate on the information technology/security gaps of the Bank solutions Inc. Disaster Recovery/Business continuity plan (DR/BCP) and to develop a security strategy to protect the confidentiality, integrity, and availability (CIA Triad) of assets, individuals, information and information systems of this organization. Definition Confidentiality:Read MoreResearch Of Terrorism Spiked Following The Events Of September 112208 Words   |  9 Pagesbusiness (Cerullo Cerullo, 2004). The development of a business continuity plan has proven to mitigate the impact of a disaster such as a terrorist attack (Cerullo Cerullo, 2004). However, a post 9/11 survey designed by Ernst and Young revealed that only 53% of the firms surveyed had a business continuity plan (Cerullo Cerullo, 2004) to deal with terrorism type disasters. Similarly, a 2016 business survey from Clements Worldwide (2016), a leading global insurance provider founded in 1947, uncoveredRead MoreSupply Chain Management : Tesco And Safeway1392 Words   |  6 PagesSupply Chain Management Supply chain management has emerged as an important aspect in the modern business environment in light of the challenges businesses face because of rapidly changing customer expectations, inefficient product development processes, and increased cost of operations and human resources. This concept is increasingly considered as a new means of managing businesses and increasing performance and profitability. However, business enterprises must consider various aspects relatedRead MoreThe Deepwater Horizon Oil Drilling Rig1480 Words   |  6 Pagesbeaches of Louisiana, Alabama, and Mississippi. Contemporary issues The nature of the laws in offshore drilling and oil spills intersect with the justice system in its application. The Department of Interior’s Mineral Management Service as well as the Bureau of Ocean Energy Management, Regulation and Enforcement (BOEMRE) along with other agencies such as the Coast Guard, all have regulatory systems for drilling. However, according to the National Commissions report, the implementation of the regulationsRead MoreExtended Supply Chain1474 Words   |  6 Pagesshould ask another vender to provide tires because the original supplier may short for the raw material and can’t provide enough tires Ford needs. What kind of risks involved in extended supply chains? Actually it is a long list including natural disasters like Japanese earthquake and tsunami, economic crises like financial crisis in 2008, and global supply disruptions like the West Coast port workers strike. For example, in 2008 when the financial crisis took place, many Chinese printed circuit boardRead MoreApplication Essay to The Financial Risk Management Program977 Words   |  4 Pagesto help a firm manage its financial risk by developing and applying effective risk management strategies. My long term goal is to lead an enterprise wide risk management program for a multi-national company. My experiences in IT Risk Services, Accounting Audit and Structured Finance Advisory Services at the Big Four firms helped shape my career goal and created a strong fascination for Financial Risk Management. These experiences taught me how risks affect organizations. I learnt how externalRead MoreChesapeake Energy Operates Under The Natural Oil And Gas Industry878 Words   |  4 Pagesmust be certain to a degree or they will continuously face unprofitable reserves. One factor that can influence costs that can be unpredictable and unfavorable is adverse weather conditions. Storms and natural disasters have the ability to halt operations in a specific geological location, resulting in increase in overall cost over the term of the project. Auditors during the audit process should first analyze the reliability to internal control relating to expenses and costs for exploration. Various

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

Essay on Character Analysis of Hamlet - 964 Words

Hamlet is the main character and protagonist in the play â€Å"Hamlet† by William Shakespeare. Hamlet is the Prince of Denmark. He is the son of Queen Gertrude and King Hamlet, who was murdered by his uncle Claudius. Hamlet is a very unique individual and handles many situations in unusual ways. Hamlet is an extremely intriguing and complex character that appears to change with every different perspective. Shakespeare has done an absolutely fantastic job with capturing true human characteristics with Hamlet. Hamlet bounces back and forth with his emotions so inconsistently that one never knows what he is about to do next. One moment he is rational, and the next he is not. One moment he wants to plan things out, and then he does things†¦show more content†¦The ghost made the whole situation for Hamlet seem even that much more unreal. He already wished that all of the recent events he had to deal with were not real. He then has to deal with the reality of this ghost. It seems to influence him terribly and takes a negative toll on his emotions. This occurrence continues to further diversify Hamlet’s feelings and emotions (Snider, 67). The last major external influence is the company of others (Snider, 71). How hamlet responded had a lot to do with the actions done by others and himself. A person’s environment greatly affects how they handle oneself and situations around them. Due to Hamlet’s extremely ludicrous environment and unusual circumstances, he is just that much more of a complicated and elaborate character (Bristol). Another major thing that contributed to Hamlet’s complexity was his utter hatred towards Claudius. From the get go Hamlet never liked him. He felt Claudius was immoral and almost worthless. After the ghost of his father told Hamlet that Claudius was responsible for his death, he hated his uncle just that much more. That hatred soon turned into something much more though. It trans formed into a desire for revenge. Before he did anything though, he had to be positive that Claudius was the one responsible, so Hamlet tested his innocence. Claudius failed the test and Hamlet was then positive that he was responsible for the murder of his father (Mitchell, 34-37). HamletShow MoreRelatedHamlet Character Analysis961 Words   |  4 PagesWhen one reads William Shakespeare’s Hamlet, it is easy to overlook the female characters as powerless and subservient. However, things are not always what they seem at first glance, as a further analysis of Gertrude and Ophelia suggests. Although the plot centers around Hamlet’s quest for revenge, these two female characters have a profound influence on what transpires. These women certainly play more significant roles than they seem at first. In Act I, Gertrude appears to be an unfaithful wifeRead MoreHamlet Character Analysis2058 Words   |  9 PagesWilliam Shakespeare. The play is a drama that includes a love story, betrayal, and a tragic ending. During the time Hamlet was written, the population of England loved watching the hard ache of others and they epically loved murder and gore. Luckily for Shakespeare, todays current population loves watching and reading about the same things which kept most of his work around. The play Hamlet is the story of a young price that lost his father to a murderer who happens to be his uncle, Claudius. ClaudiusRead MoreCharacter Analysis Of Hamlet In Hamlet730 Words   |  3 PagesHamlet is a character of melancholy because he is a very sad individual finding out that his very own uncle has killed his father. He is wanting to commit suicide but he’s contemplating it because it is a sin. He is not to fond of Claudius considering he was the one that had killed his father in th e first place. â€Å"O most wicked speed, to post/ With such dexterity to incestuous sheets!/ It is not nor it cannot come to good/ But break my heart, for I must hold my tongue† This quote is showing how heRead MoreCharacter Analysis of Gertrude in Hamlet902 Words   |  4 PagesGertrude: Character Analysis Introduction There is no doubt in saying that Hamlet is counted as one of the famous play of English language (Thompson and Taylor 74). It was written in 1601 by Shakespeare and was performed at The Globe Theatre. This essay will evaluate role of Gertrude, mother of Prince Hamlet who is the title character of the play. The purpose of this essay is to analyze the character of Gertrude and find out if she was really disloyal to her husband late King Hamlet and responsibleRead MoreHamlet Character Analysis918 Words   |  4 PagesIn the play Hamlet, Shakespeare raises the question regarding deception and the differences between â€Å"seeming† and â€Å"being†. Each character is trying to decipher what each other are truly thinking, contrary to what they are pretending to think. Shakespeare sets Hamlet up to illustrate the complexity of how one must deceive others to reveal the truth.  ¬Ã‚ ¬The coexistence of appearances and reality develops as the Danish court gets engulfed in a we b of corruption, lies and deception. Through how ShakespeareRead MoreHamlet Character Analysis729 Words   |  3 PagesWill Hamlet accept the new changes in his life? What is he capable of to be happy? After his father’s death, Hamlet will have to face the new changes in his hometown, Denmark. Shakespeare develops Hamlet’s character in relation to other characters in these soliloquies. Shakespeare develops Hamlet’s character in relation to the ghost of king Hamlet. To start the ghost says, â€Å"I am thy father’s spirit†(Shakespeare 60). King Hamlet’s ghost had appeared in Hamlet’s life after his death. At first HamletRead MoreHamlet Character Analysis Essay1014 Words   |  5 PagesNicole Ventzke Crystal Jensen 1102 T/H 2/14/11 Hamlet Character Analysis: Hamlet One aspect that makes William Shakespeare’s Hamlet alluring is how he broke the limiting mold of the one-dimensional character by representing characters in all of their human complexity. Hamlet, for example, is a compelling character because he is complicated. As Hamlet himself observes early in the play in, â€Å"Tis not alone my inky cloak/nor customary suits of solemn black, /Nor†¦forced breath/No, nor the fruitfulRead MoreAn Analysis of the Characters in Hamlet Essay1592 Words   |  7 PagesAn Analysis of the Characters in Hamlet Hamlet by William Shakespeare has been considered by many critics as one of the best plays in English literature. It has also been considered as one of the best tragedies among the many Shakespeare wrote. It is a story which revolves around this person called Hamlet, prince of Denmark. It is set in the Elizabethan times in the 16th century. It is a tragedy because it results in the deaths of many characters either accidentallyRead MoreCharacter Analysis Of Hamlet1065 Words   |  5 Pageswill be explaining where and when Hamlet talks about certain characters, to help explain how he thinks about them (ex: King Hamlet, Claudius, and Gertrude). This essay will help to explain Hamlet as well as his thought process throughout the book (story). In Act 1, Scene 2 (Gertrude) (Lines 141-145) Quote â€Å"That he might not beteem the winds of heaven Visit her face too roughly.—Heaven and earth, Must I remember?† In this first part from line 141 to 143 Hamlet says â€Å"Oh God, do I have to rememberRead MoreHamlet Character Analysis1502 Words   |  7 PagesWritten by William Shakespeare, Hamlet has a strong relationship with the authors society and era, being the late 1500’s to early 1600’s. Hamlet, a character is confliction with his society, shows different views and actions to his fellow Danish men. Shakespeare could create a character whom through Hamlet’s life choices, his own historical and cultural context and the state of Hamlet being in confliction with the Elizabethan-era and Nihilism showed immense differences from his society, which Shakespeare

Nuclear Transport And Its Effect On Breast Cancer Tumor Cells

Nuclear transport is the method by which large molecules enter and exit the cell nucleus through nuclear pore complexes. Small molecules however do not require much regulation. This method of transport and translocation provides an understanding of various protein movement between the cytoplasm and nucleoplasm of the cell. The hundreds of nuclear transport pathways allow for the study and mechanistic view of nuclear transport’s role in the onset as well as expression of multiple diseases; breast cancer being one in particular. Various nuclear transport pathways play an important role in the progression and suppression of breast cancer tumor cells. Proteins and enzymes that propagate these pathways can lead to cell proliferation or inhibition of the invasive and metastatic behavior of breast cancer advancement. A further look at these pathways will aid in the understanding of breast cancer tumor cells. Nuclear localization sequences or NLS, is a necessary component of nuclear t ransport. It is an amino acid sequence that will â€Å"tag† a protein for import. By disrupting this sequence, the way a protein is imported is altered and can lead to numerous defects. Where it may localize can change the functionality of the protein. This can be seen in the case of spleen tyrosine kinase, Syk. Spleen tyrosine kinase is â€Å"a candidate tumor (metastasis) suppressor that is highly expressed in mammary epithelial cells† (Wang). Lei Wang and associates looked at two different variants of Syk;Show MoreRelatedThe Use Of Therapeutic Nanoparticles As Drug Delivery Systems For The Delivery Of Anticancer Drug Molecules1318 Words   |  6 Pagesand concentration. Clinical investigations suggest that therapeutic nanoparticles can enhance effectiveness and reduce side effects compared with conventional cancer therapeutic drugs. The use of therapeutic nanoparticles as drug delivery systems will be a significant addendum to cancer therapeutics. Introduction The utility of nanotechnology has had a substantial effect on clinical therapeutics in the last two decades. Nanotechnology is a swiftly developing field encircling the development ofRead MoreEssay about Cancer in United States549 Words   |  3 PagesCancer in United States Cancer is one of the leading causes of death in the United States. There are a lot of different kinds of cancer. Here are the most common cancer, breast cancer, colon cancer, head and neck cancer, leukemia, lung cancer, melanoma, non-hodgkins lymphoma, ovarian cancer, prostate cancer, and rectal cancer. ---------------------------------------------------------------------- A lot of cancers exist, but they all have some common characteristicsRead MoreThe Therapeutic Potential Of Genistein For Obesity Linked Cancer5188 Words   |  21 PagesObesity-Linked Cancer First Author1, Second Author2 (14) 1(Department, College/ University Name, Country Name) (10 Italic) 2(Department, College/ University Name, Country Name) (10 Italic) Abstract: With obesity and cancer being a global issue, this review will be focused on linking genistein’s ability to simultaneously treat both related diseases. Extensive studies have been done on genistein as a therapy for diabetes and obesity, but not enough has been researched in its effect on obesity-associatedRead MoreEvaluating Metastatic Involvement Of Lymph Nodes For Breast Cancer Patients3428 Words   |  14 Pagesnodes in breast cancer patients is important in planning surgical and adjuvant therapies. A trend toward breast-conserving therapies with the goal of improving quality of life for breast cancer patients has driven the need to accurately assess lymph nodal staging. The concept of a sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy is a valuable tool in evaluating metastatic spread of primary breast tumors (Maaskant-Braat et al.,2012; Noushi et al., 2013). Tokin et al. (2012) describe how the process of tumor spreadRead MoreThe Discovery Of Roentgen Rays And Radioactivit y10117 Words   |  41 Pagesby thy users of these rays, several physicians began investigating their effect on malignant tumors; thus, the use of ionizing radiation in the treatment of cancer began. More than any other innovation, the ability to painlessly visualize the interior of the living human body has governed the practice of medicine during the 20th century. The radiotherapeutic application of these discoveries also had a profound effect on cancer survival rates. The discovery of x-rays and radioactivity was promptly followedRead MoreCell Biology Final Essay30093 Words   |  121 Pagesseparates eukaryotes from prokaryotes is the presence of _______ in eukaryotic cells. A) ribosomes B) oxidative phosphorylation C) DNA molecules -D) a nucleus 2. Cytoplasmic organelles are - A) absent in prokaryotic cells; present in eukaryotic cells. B) present in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. C) present in prokaryotic cells; absent in eukaryotic cells. D) absent in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. 3. Eukaryotic chromosomes contain _______ DNA molecules. A) singleRead MoreSocm Study Guide Essay30404 Words   |  122 Pagesorganisms. A. Responsiveness – organisms respond to changes in their immediate environment (long term changes is adaptability) B. Growth – over a lifetime, organisms grow larger through an increase in size or number of cells. Differentiation is when cells have specialized functions C. Reproduction – Organisms reproduce, creating subsequent generations of similar organisms D. Movement – Organisms are capable of movement a. Internal – moving food, blood, or other materialsRead MoreOsteoporosis: bone Mass7865 Words   |  32 Pagesmedication includes calcium, vitamin D, bisphosphonates and several others. Fall-prevention advice includes exercise to tone deambulatory muscles, proprioception-improvement exercises; equilibrium therapies may be included. Exercise with its anabolic effect, may at the same time stop or reverse osteoporosis. Signs and symptoms Osteoporosis itself has no specific symptoms; its main consequence is the increased risk of bone fractures. Osteoporotic fractures are those that occur in situations where healthyRead MoreIphs Standards for 100 Bedded Hospital16137 Words   |  65 PagesIntra oral X-ray Complicated Extractions (including suturing of gums) SURGICAL 1 Abcess drainage including breast perianal 2 3 4 5 6 7 Wound Debridement Appendicectomy Fissurotomy or fistulectomy Hemorrohoidectomy Circumcision Hydrocele surgery 10 8 Herniorraphy 9 Suprapubic Cystostomy 10 Diagnostic Laparoscopy 11 Cysts and Benign Tumour of the Palate 12 Excision Submucous Cysts Breast 1 Excision fibroadenoma – Lump Hernia 1 Ingunial Hernia repair reinforcement 2 Ingunial Hernia repair withRead More_x000C_Introduction to Statistics and Data Analysis355457 Words   |  1422 PagesExperimental Design 51 2.5 More on Observational Studies: Designing Surveys (Optional) 56 2.6 Interpreting and Communicating the Results of Statistical Analyses 61 Activity 2.1 Designing a Sampling Plan 63 Activity 2.2 An Experiment to Test for the Stroop Effect 64 Activity 2.3 McDonald’s and the Next 100 Billion Burgers 64 Activity 2.4 Video Games and Pain Management 65 Graphing Calculator Explorations 69 3 Graphical Methods for Describing Data 75 3.1 Displaying Categorical Data: Comparative Bar

Ordinary Men ( Christopher Browning ) free essay sample

Reviews book recounting massacre of Jews by German Reserve Police Battalion in Poland in 1943. Ordinary Men: Reserve Police Battalion 101 and the Final Solution in Poland is a book that tells the story of the members of German Reserve Police Battalion 101. This battalion, consisting of approximately 500 men, massacred and deported more than 80,000 Jews in and around the Lublin district of Poland. Their participation in the massacres began in July 1942 and ended in November 1943. The book raises several issues surrounding the choice to kill defenseless people: how ordinary German men became mass murderers; how not all of the massacres were committed by members of the SS; and how men voluntary chose to continue their participation in the killing assignments despite opportunities to stop. All the men in Battalion 101 had the option to exempt themselves from the killings on numerous occasions. Ultimately, Browning writes, the Holocaust took place..

Tuesday, May 5, 2020

Administrative Appeals Tribunal Samples †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Administrative Appeals Tribunal. Answer: Administrative Appeals Tribunal Administrative Appeals Tribunal (AAT) is a committee that performs independent values review of administrative resolutions made by the government.[1] The decisions of the Administrative Appeals Tribunal gets reviewed by the Federal Circuit Court and the Federal Court, however, it does not fall under the Australian court pecking order. This tribunal comprises of the Federal Judges, distinguished layers referred as the deputy Presidents, experienced lawyers, and members. Advantages of AAT System The main reason for the existence of tribunals is to simplify the judicial processes by making informal, faster, less costly, and accessible. Some of the advantages of Administrative Appeals Tribunal is that: It is informal, meaning that it does not require legal representative as stated under Section 33(1) (b) of the AAT Act. Its processes are simple; hence, making it easier for the courts to review. It is faster in disposing cases. It is less costly compared to court adjudication due to short proceedings It assists in solving disputes related to consumers and tenancy. It is based on the knowledge of the special expertise unlike the normal court judges that requires legal expertise. Additionally, AAT system does not need to demonstrate that the decision that was initially made was wrong. The decision made should be based on the previous judgement, which is in contrary to the judicial review. It allows new arguments and evidence to be presented by the concerned parties. Moreover, it enables putting into effect the powers and good judgment are bestowed by any appropriate ratification on the individual who made the decision as stated under Section 43(1) of the Act.[2] The AAT proceedings also are short and well-organized unlike the burdensome character of the judicial proceedings. Further, it prevents the cumbersome character of the section 72 of the Act. On the other hand, it permits the judge to continue working until the age of 70 years. Lastly, it provides an extensive jurisdiction and is also equipped to undertake wide range of problems.[3] Disadvantages of the AAT As much as good the AAT may be, it also carries various disadvantages. For example, it lacks the legal expertise, and because they are selected from various careers, they might lack the required legal proficiency. Besides, its members are prevented from enjoying the security of tenure that is provided under s 72 and lacks independence.[4] It is because if any of the executive members dislikes the decision made by members, he or she will never be reappointed. Additionally, the changes of the procedures that are allowed by the Act can diminish fairness. Moreover, the decisions made are not binding, therefore, cannot be relied on. Further, AAT violates the principle separation of powers as well as the rule of law.[5] Lastly, it lacks component that relates it to the constitution of the Australian that can assist in unravelling the system. Bibliography A Articles Administrative Appeals Tribunal Act 1975(2017) Legislation.gov.au https://www.legislation.gov.au/Details/C2017C00107 Asimow, Michael and Jeffrey S. Lubbers, "The Merits Of Merits Review: A Comparative Legislation And Jurisdiction | Administrative Appeals Tribunal(2017) Aat.gov.au https://www.aat.gov.au/resources/legislation-and-jurisdiction Look At The Australian Administrative Appeals Tribunal" (2010) 28(2) Windsor Yearbook of Access to Justice Peiris, G. L., "The Administrative Appeals Tribunal of Australia: The First Decade" (1986) 6(3) Legal Studies Thomas, Robert and Joe Tomlinson, "Current Issues in Administrative Justice: Examining Administrative Review, Better Initial Decisions, and Tribunal Reform" [2016] SSRN Electronic Journal B Legislations Administrative Appeals Tribunal Act 1975